Builder's Engineer

A building has two basic parts: (i) Substructure or foundations, and (ii) Superstructure. Sub-structure or Foundation is the lower p...

The load-bearing wall of a single-storey building is to be supported on a wide reinforced strip foundation. A site investigation has revea...

When the depth of trench is large, or when the sub-soil is loose, the sides of the trench may cave in. The problem can be solved by adopting...

The following are the various boring methods commonly used: (i) Auger boring. (ii) Auger and shell boring. (iii) Wash boring. (iv) Percus...

A pile cap is required to transfer the load from a 400 mm × 400 mm column to four 600 mm diameter piles, as shown in Fig. 14.30 . Pile caps...

Black cotton soils and oher expansive soils have typical characteristics of shrinkage and swelling due to moisture movement through them. Du...

Foundations may be broadly classified under two heads: (a) Shallow Foundations (b) Deep Foundations. According to Terzaghi, a foundat...

Live loads, also called as super-imposed loads, consisi of moving or variable loads, due to people or occupants, their furniture, temporary ...

A column pad base is subject to an axial load of 200 kN (dead) plus 300 kN (imposed), and a bending moment of  40 kNm. To suit site constrai...

Piles may be of timber, steel or concrete. When the piles are of concrete, they are to be precast. They may be driven either vertically or...